Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women in Western Europe. Its incidence is constantly increasing. The prognosis is poor, especially in the case of recurrent and advanced stages of the disease. Therefore, new therapeutic options are constantly sought to improve the prognosis for women with this type of cancer. One of the targets of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods for endometrial cancer may be cancer stem cells. These are cells with the properties of a bone marrow stem cell that has acquired an oncogenic mutation, gained the ability to self-renew, differentiate and generate the entire cancer cell population. Many studies are focused on searching for a marker (or markers) of cancer stem cells that would allow their precise identification and development of individualized targeted therapy. The CD133 glycoprotein, also known as prominin-1, appears to be a promising surface marker for identifying cancer stem cells, including endometrial cancer. The aim of the paper is to present studies on the concept of cancer stem cells in endometrial cancer, especially those related to CD133 cells, which display stem-like properties.