Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors of the female genital tract. They occur in about 70% of the female population including about 25% of women of reproductive age, with 15–30% requiring treatment. In contrast, uterine sarcomas in the European population account for only 3–7% of all malignant tumors located in the uterus, so they are relatively rare. The risk of dissemination of previously undiagnosed uterine sarcoma during laparoscopic treatment of uterine fibroids using a morcellator has been estimated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration at 0.28%. Multifaceted activities aimed at reducing the level of risk include, among others, the development of appropriate standards, so that patients in risk groups are accurately identified as well as technological improvements in surgical techniques. Diagnostic tools enabling appropriate patient selection for tailored treatment also comprise ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Advances in medical technology have led to the development of the technique of “contained morcellation” which involves fragmentation of the tissue specimen into smaller pieces under visual control and its extraction without any contact with tissues in the abdominal cavity. In addition to multiple advantages, the method also has certain limitations and drawbacks. Despite that, morcellation containment bags have become a widely used element of surgical kits. Regularly updated guidelines and technological advancements in operating room equipment give hope for a gradual reduction of the risk of adverse events associated with the surgical treatment of the most prevalent benign tumor of the female genital tract.