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Venous thromboembolism as an essential clinical problem in the group of patients with gynecologic cancer

Anita Olejek, Ewa Horzelska

Affiliacja i adres do korespondencji
Curr Gynecol Oncol 2015, 13 (4), p. 263–268
DOI: 10.15557/CGO.2015.0029
Streszczenie

Malignancies are a high and a very high risk factor for thrombotic complications. The risk of venous thromboembolism is 4–7 fold increased in patients with cancer, and is particularly high in the first months after diagnosis. Venous thromboembolism most often occurs as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is the most common complication and, at the same time, the second leading cause of death in cancer patients, after cancer itself. At present, low molecular weight heparins are recommended for both, prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism. Pharmacological antithrombotic prophylaxis is recommended for cancer patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic surgical procedures, and should be extended to at least 4 weeks after the procedure. Prophylaxis of up to 6 months or even for an indefinite period of time can be considered. Risk assessment for thromboembolic complications as well as the inclusion of appropriate antithrombotic prevention/treatment are essential components of care for cancer patients. At the same time, there is a need to educate cancer patients on their increased risk of venous thromboembolism. The growing awareness of patients will help them accept medications they use.

Słowa kluczowe
venous thromboembolism, prophylaxis, cancer, heparin